The Glands Menagerie Essay Example for Free

The Glands Menagerie Essay A Streetcar Named Desire was written by Tennessee Williams in 1947, eliciting the most critical commentary of any of his works, as well as being highly divisive: upon its release, one reviewer defined it as the product of an almost desperately morbid turn of mind1; George Jean Nathan criticised the unpleasant2 nature of the play, calling it The Glands Menagerie'3. Williams focus on realism, and the subsequent omission of clear-cut protagonists and antagonists in Streetcar, also drew glowing reviews, from the pre-eminent theatre critic Brook Atkinson, for example, who called Williams a genuinely poetic playwright whose knowledge of people is honest and thorough4. This difference in opinion does not stop at subjective criticism of the play, but even the specific genre which Streetcar falls into. Many assume it to be a tragedy of some type, and there is indeed much to commend this view. However, the ambiguous nature of many aspects of the play and Williams inclusion of alternate dramatic devices has led many to believe that Streetcar should not be classified as a tragedy, but as a melodrama. In any tragedy, the tragic protagonist is of vital importance: everything is centred on the protagonist, their flaw and subsequent downfall. However, in Streetcar, there is large uncertainty as to who this tragic protagonist actually is. This equivocacy may be observed in the difference in artistic opinion between the plays original director, Elia Kazan, and the plays second director, Harold Clurman. Elia Kazan was a close friend of Tennessee Williams, who told him to ensure that Blanche (had) the understanding and compassion of the audience without creating a black-dyed villain in Stanley5. Indeed, from his directors private notebook, published in 1976, it is clear that Kazans sympathies lie with Stanley, who he sees as defending his household against the corrupting influence of Blanche: for instance, Stanleys seemingly crude violation of Blanches belongings in an attempt to find legal papers and his later physical violation of her person would have been justified in Kazans eyes, as the social incorrectness of Blanches intrusion into his domestic kingdom and subsequent undermining of his authority and values (Well if youll forgive me hes common! He acts like an animal Stanley Kowalski survivor of the Stone Age! , Dont hang back with the brutes! ) outweighs the respective incorrectness of his retaliatory actions (Come to think of it maybe you wouldnt be bad to interfere with ). As such, Kazans direction dictated that Stanley be the victim of Blanches actions. It was even reported that some members of the audience cheered the rape of Blanche in Kazans production, with critic Signi Falk noting the waves of titillated laughter (which) swept over the audience 6. In direct opposition to Kazan, Clurman reallocated the role of victim to Blanche, positing that Streetcar portrays the crushing of sensitivity (Blanche) by brute force (Stanley), therefore portraying the rape as such instead. These contradictory interpretations illustrate the crucial problem in labelling Streetcar as a tragedy, at least in a strictly Aristotelian sense: there is no singular, defined hero or heroine, both can be interchangeably depicted as victim or antagonist. There is even discussion as to whether Stanley and Blanche represent either. Williams himself seems to support this: I dont want to focus guilt or blame on any one character but to have it a tragedy of misunderstanding and insensitivity to others 7. This has only confirmed the ambiguous nature of the play, fuelling and perpetuating the uncertainty surrounding it and taking it even further away from the Aristotelian tragic ideal. Additionally, Aristotle dictated that tragedy should chart the demise of a great person, as he argued that their cataclysmic downfall due to hamartia would evoke higher pathos in the audience; Williams focuses instead upon the demise of people in the dregs of society, ensuring that there is no way that Streetcar could possibly be considered to be a strictly classical tragedy. However, it is still possible to identify aspects of classical tragedy in Streetcar, which further heightens the vagueness surrounding the genre which Streetcar finds itself in. There is, for example, evidence of anagnorisis leading to peripateia, a tragic device which Aristotle considered to be the mark of a superior tragedy: In Scene Three, after Stanley beats Stella and realises the error of his ways, he breaks into sobs and telephones Eunice, who has taken Stella in, in an attempt to talk to (his) baby, to no avail. This is arguably Stanleys lowest point, as Stanley has alienated Stella, leading to one of the iconic moments in American drama: Stanleys heaven-splitting cry of STELLL-AHHHHH! an outburst of animal desperation. This moment, then (if Streetcar is considered to be a battle between Blanche and Stanley for Stellas affections), is a victory for Blanche. However, in Scene Ten, the roles are reversed: Blanches telephone call for help is unsuccessful, and she is arguably at her lowest point of the play here, as Stanley shatters all her illusions and pretensions (Not once did you pull any wool over this boys eyes! ), uncovering her multitude of lies, which makes Blanche face the reality of the threat Stanley poses to her (i. e. anagnorisis). So, while it is plain that Streetcar is by no means a classical tragedy, it does include facets of tragedy as defined by Aristotles Poetics. There is perhaps a more credible case for Streetcar being a tragedy in a slightly broader sense: that is to say, encompassing the characteristics of modern domestic tragedy. Arthur Miller summed up the essence of domestic tragedy in his work Tragedy and the Common Man: It is time, I think, that we who are without kings, took up this bright thread of our history (tragedy) and followed it to the only place it can possibly lead in our time the heart and spirit of the average man 8. The conclusion of Brook Atkinsons review of the opening night reflected this sentiment: Out of poetic imagination and ordinary compassion (Williams) has spun a poignant and luminous story9. Miller argued against the Aristotelian ideals concerning tragedy: where Aristotle believed tragic heroes had to be of high social standing (for reasons above stated), Miller proposed that tragic heroes could be formed out of the working classes. Domestic tragedies of this nature became popular in the 19th and 20th centuries as a result of writers such as Miller, portraying the breakdown of a social construct, emphasising the distortion and destruction of domestic order. Streetcar could, then, be construed as a domestic tragedy, as it portrays the demise of the social system from the old agrarian South (as represented by Blanche) and the rise of the post-war urban industrial society (as represented by Stanley). Furthermore, Streetcar concerns the fates of Blanche and Stanley in the main, Stanley being irrefutably lower class; although Blanche is not as straightforward to categorise according to class, at the beginning of the play, Blanches demise has already occurred: she has already fallen from her previously high status, having lost her estate and fortune. Therefore, although Streetcar charts her descent into insanity, it does not show her fall from a high position in society, again rejecting the Aristotelian norm. It therefore seems as though Streetcar could easily be defined as a domestic tragedy, a judgement Dan Isaac agrees with: Streetcar is a modern tragedy, and Blanche DuBois tragic flaw is hubris pride of intellect and pride of sexual prowess10 If one tragic hero can be singled out, then it is possible to find their personal hamartia, and Streetcar becomes a domestic tragedy with aspects of classical tragedy. However, one prominent feature of Streetcar has yet to be introduced into the debate, and that is the huge emphasis on melodrama and expressionism.

Wireless Protocols :: essays research papers fc

Wireless Protocols As with all data transmission technologies, protocols govern the manner in which information is transferred between stations. A protocol is simply an agreed upon standard that all parties use to ensure that different devices can communicate with each other. Wireless protocols can be discussed on their own, and where they fit in the OSI protocol suite. For the sake of clarity, we will limit our discussion to wireless network implementations. Wireless protocols typically reside in layers 1 and 2, the application and presentation layers, respectively, of the OSI model. These two layers help direct how the data is gathered from the end station and prepared for transmission. The main wireless protocol are: IEEE 802.11 covering wireless Ethernet; 802.15 dealing with wireless personal area networks (WPAN), including Bluetooth technology; and 802.16 for broadband wireless access. 802.11 The IEEE 802.11 specification family consists of four different, primary specifications: †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  802.11 – applies to wireless LANs and provides 1 or 2 Mbps transmission in the 2.4 GHz band using either frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) or direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS). †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  802.11a – an extension to 802.11 that applies to wireless LANs and provides up to 54 Mbps in the 5GHz band. 802.11a uses an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing encoding scheme rather than FHSS or DSSS. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  802.11b (also referred to as 802.11 High Rate or Wi-Fi) – an extension to 802.11 that applies to wireless LANS and provides 11 Mbps transmission (with a fallback to 5.5, 2 and 1 Mbps) in the 2.4 GHz band. 802.11b uses only DSSS. 802.11b was a 1999 ratification to the original 802.11 standard, allowing wireless functionality comparable to Ethernet. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  802.11g – applies to wireless LANs and provides 20+ Mbps in the 2.4 GHz band. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  802.11n – applies to future standards for wireless data transmission that promises a maximum bandwidth of 108 Mbps through the use of multiple antennas (MIMO). Strangely, the order of inception is not alphabetical. Rather, the specifications developed as follows: 802.11; 802.11b; 802.11a; 802,11g; and the projected 802.11n. The 802.11 family specifies the way in which wireless devices communicated with wired LAN base stations, or access points. Wireless-to-wired communication is known as infrastructure mode. A second mode, known as ad hoc mode, specifies the manner in which direct communication between wireless devices occurs. Three of the four current specifications use the 2.4 GHz band. This is an unlicensed bandwidth, which means it is available free of charge to anyone with the technical to use it. Wireless Protocols :: essays research papers fc Wireless Protocols As with all data transmission technologies, protocols govern the manner in which information is transferred between stations. A protocol is simply an agreed upon standard that all parties use to ensure that different devices can communicate with each other. Wireless protocols can be discussed on their own, and where they fit in the OSI protocol suite. For the sake of clarity, we will limit our discussion to wireless network implementations. Wireless protocols typically reside in layers 1 and 2, the application and presentation layers, respectively, of the OSI model. These two layers help direct how the data is gathered from the end station and prepared for transmission. The main wireless protocol are: IEEE 802.11 covering wireless Ethernet; 802.15 dealing with wireless personal area networks (WPAN), including Bluetooth technology; and 802.16 for broadband wireless access. 802.11 The IEEE 802.11 specification family consists of four different, primary specifications: †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  802.11 – applies to wireless LANs and provides 1 or 2 Mbps transmission in the 2.4 GHz band using either frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) or direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS). †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  802.11a – an extension to 802.11 that applies to wireless LANs and provides up to 54 Mbps in the 5GHz band. 802.11a uses an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing encoding scheme rather than FHSS or DSSS. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  802.11b (also referred to as 802.11 High Rate or Wi-Fi) – an extension to 802.11 that applies to wireless LANS and provides 11 Mbps transmission (with a fallback to 5.5, 2 and 1 Mbps) in the 2.4 GHz band. 802.11b uses only DSSS. 802.11b was a 1999 ratification to the original 802.11 standard, allowing wireless functionality comparable to Ethernet. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  802.11g – applies to wireless LANs and provides 20+ Mbps in the 2.4 GHz band. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  802.11n – applies to future standards for wireless data transmission that promises a maximum bandwidth of 108 Mbps through the use of multiple antennas (MIMO). Strangely, the order of inception is not alphabetical. Rather, the specifications developed as follows: 802.11; 802.11b; 802.11a; 802,11g; and the projected 802.11n. The 802.11 family specifies the way in which wireless devices communicated with wired LAN base stations, or access points. Wireless-to-wired communication is known as infrastructure mode. A second mode, known as ad hoc mode, specifies the manner in which direct communication between wireless devices occurs. Three of the four current specifications use the 2.4 GHz band. This is an unlicensed bandwidth, which means it is available free of charge to anyone with the technical to use it.

Explorers of the Renaissance

Bartholomew Dais, the explorer for Portugal, planned to head an expedition in search of a sea route to India. Though, at the end of his voyage he only became the first sail to the tip of Africa. This, landing has only created a new name for the Cabot ads Galahs and the cape Cabot ads Torments for his country. Dais had a voyage that inspired explorers to try a faster or better route to travel, which lead to the discoveries of newer lands;also, this voyage helped encourage inventors and scientists to invent effective techniques and new technology that could help future expeditions.Magellan studied very famous explorers for many years in Portugal. He planed to find a route to the Spice Islands by sailing west and around the world. Ferdinand Magellan, an explorer of Spain, has amazed us with his courage by venturing through the chaotic and the untouched world. Through his voyage Magellan provided the first positive proof that the world was round, thus opening trade routes to explorers al l over the world. Ferdinand Magellan is recognized as the first person to circumnavigate the world.His discovery of this route had the effects in many ways; for example, the religion of Christianity has also traveled along his Journeys, and also his geographical finding has made the current map more accurate then it originally was. Jacques Carrier sailed in the name of France. Carrier searched to find a Northwest Passage to India and the Spice Islands and also looking for new places to trade. In the end Carrier was the first to sail up the SST. Lawrence River and Canada. Canada was claimed as a piece of France; furthermore, this opened up for trade with the natives.

Sloan MGH PATA - 6297 Words

11-116 January 3, 2012 Massachusetts General Hospitals Pre-Admission Testing Area (PATA) Kelsey McCarty, Jà ©rà ©mie Gallien, Retsef Levi Five anxious faces looked up at Dr. Jeanine Wiener-Kronish, chief of anesthesia at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), as she entered the conference room. It was June 2009, and the group before her was the task force for the Pre-Admission Testing Area (PATA). PATA had been struggling with inefficiencies and long patient wait times for over two years. Despite the group’s best efforts to fix these problems, a letter forwarded from the president’s office that morning highlighted that conditions in PATA were not getting better. Dr. Wiener-Kronish took a seat and read the letter aloud: Last week I brought my†¦show more content†¦Located in Boston, Massachusetts, MGH was founded in 1811, making it the third oldest hospital in the United States. With 907 patient beds across a 4.6 million square-foot campus and almost 23,000 employees, it was one of the largest hospitals in the country and Boston’s largest private employer. U.S. News World Report consistently ranked MGH as one of the top five hospitals in the nation, and patients traveled from all over the country to receive treatment there. It was also home to the Ether Dome, an amphitheater that served as MGH’s first operating room (OR) and became the birthplace of anesthesia when ether was first publicly administered there as a surgical anesthetic in 1846.2 The DACCPM received its official charter in 1938 and since then has maintained its position as a leader in innovative anesthesiology research. The DACCPM was one of the largest clinical departments in the hospital with 278 physicians and 198 nurses, researchers and administrative personnel. This large work force was needed to support all stages of the perioperative3 patient flow: pre-operative assessment, intra-operative monitoring and care, and post-operative recovery. Due to the nature of the specialty, the DACCPM was also charged with administrative oversight in the ORs, the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU), the Pain Medicine Center, and the Surgical Intensive Care Unit (SICU). The department’s achievements across many areas of MGH, however, were

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Minimum Wage In Taiwan

Introduction Nowadays, minimum wage is very important for workers in this world. In addition, minimum wage is also a core element of public policy in lots of countries. For example, minimum wage has become a hot topic in Taiwan recently. The Taiwanese complained that the working hours are too long, and the wages are too low. Because of that reason, workers in Taiwan have come forward to protest this policy. Therefore, according to this example, minimum wage has become an issue that cannot be ignored anymore, not only in Taiwan but also all around the world. There are many advantages of establishing minimum wage. It is not just a common reference when companies hire new employees but also can help certain families, help with setting small†¦show more content†¦For example, the minimum wage earners in the United States are mostly graduated students or parents who have children to raise. If the government does not set basic wages, they cannot survive in this world (â€Å"The Advantages of M inimum Wage,† n.d.). Secondly, minimum wage can reduce the tax burden. An unemployed person may use too many public services; however, the people who have minimum wage will not. Therefore, reducing the demand for public assistance will reduce the social and national tax burden. If workers have a basic wage, it can reduce the need for public assistance and decrease the tax burden on the societies and nations. The third is employment incentive. Because there is a minimum wage, the workers have goals for their work. They know that if they work hard, they can get the same return. However, if there is no minimum wage, they will worry about the salary. Hence, the workers do not have the energy to work anymore. That is why minimum wage is important, and it also can enhance the workers’ ambition (â€Å"The Advantages of Minimum Wage,† n.d.). The fourth reason is business budgets. Minimum wage can let a company know its own budget and will be expected to be paid per hour. With this information, a co mpany can understand their own expenses better and creates new jobs for the company. The last reason is a common reference. Setting a minimum wage lets a company hire employees more simply. Workers know their salaryShow MoreRelatedCostco : A Competitive Advantage998 Words   |  4 Pagesbelongs to the very short list of companies with a culture so favorable to employees that it gives the company a competitive advantage, and it’s most likely to keep on rising over many decades. Costco sees workers as an asset to invest in, rather than a cost that must be reduced. In the U.S. Costco pays workers an average of nearly $21 per hour, almost three times the minimum wage and about twice as much of what most competitors pay. They receive great benefits and are part of a safe and healthy workingRead Moreprinciples of management3391 Words   |  14 Pagesmanufactured its ATM machines in the United States and sold them internationally via distribution agreements, first with Philips El ectronics NV and then with IBM. Why do you think Diebold choose this mode of expanding internationally? What were advantages and disadvantages of this agreement? Diebold didn’t have the need to expand its business across the boarders before the 1980’s since they already had a massive demand inside of the United States. They used a key international business alliance, distributionRead MoreAdvantages and disadvantages of TPP2301 Words   |  10 PagesLIST OF CONTENTS: ï  ¶ What is TPP ï  ¶ The development of TPP ï  ¶ Members of TPP ï  ¶ Potential members ï  ¶ Advantages of the TPP ï  ¶ Disadvantages of the TPP ï  ¶ Controversies around the TPP ï  ¶ Effects of TPP on Viet Nam economy WHAT IS TPP? The Trans-Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership Agreement is multi-national trade agreement among Brunei, Chile, New Zealand, and Singapore. It seeks to manage trade, promote growth, and regionally integrate the economies of the Asia-Pacific region. BeforeRead MoreGlobal Business Environment8475 Words   |  34 PagesStructure 1. Introduction 2. Meaning of Globalisation 1.3 Driving Forces of Globalisation 1.4 Dimensions of Globalisation 1.5 Stages of Globalisation 1.6 Introduction to Theories of International Trade 1.6.1 Absolute Advantage Theory 1.6.2 Comparative Cost Advantage Theory by David Ricardo 1.6.3 Factor Endowment Theory (Heckscher-Ohlin Thesis) 1.7 Trading Environment of International Trade 1.7.1 Tariff and Non-tariff Barriers 1.7.2 Trade Blocs – Regional Economic Integration 1Read MoreEthical Issues in the Fashion Industry3518 Words   |  15 Pages7th century as it is now. It shows the turning points like the Great Exhibition (1851), the craft revival by Morris (1865) and the Bauhaus ( 1919-1933). After the beginning of the industrial revolution, the Great Exhibition showed the advantages and disadvantages of mass manufacturing. The United Kingdoms arts and crafts revival lead by Morris versus mass production in the 19th Century was idealistic and elitist but protested for the skills and knowledge in design and manufacturing. And finallyRead MoreNike s Unethical Behavior Of The Workplace3836 Words   |  16 Pagesthat is in violation of at least two labor laws (Do Something, 2014). It is generally understood that sweatshops maintain terrible working conditions, and that the workers are compensated far below what many Americans would consider acceptable hourly wages. A startling fact that many do not know, however, is that many women employees are forced to take birth control pills in order to avoid maternity leave and other associated pregnancy benefi ts. Advocacy groups have raised awareness about these practicesRead MoreDevelopment and Globalisation Essay7740 Words   |  31 Pages The Asian Tigers Who or what are the Asian Tigers? Asian economies that have progressed economically at such substantial rates that have come to rival the earning capacity and quality of living of those being first-world countries – Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore and South Korea. Globalisation Globalisation: The increased inter-connection in the world’s economic, cultural and political systems. |Positives |NegativesRead More Exporting US Engineering Labor Overseas, an Ethical Perspective2216 Words   |  9 Pagesbenefits of the economics of scales in performing the same specialized work for many companies. Additionally the company can provide lower costs for a service if they can find lower labor costs. During the1970 and 1980’s companies begin taking advantage of outsourcing for support services such as payroll and food services. Technology companies used this model for manufacturing. Manufacturing services were outsourced to countries such as The Philippines, China, and Malaysia as well as many otherRead MorePros and Cons of Globalization2741 Words   |  11 Pageshundreds of millions of people from abject poverty into the middle class, as well as there are lots of losers in the global economy. The debates are strong and fierce for and against globalization both in the media and more informally, about advantage and disadvantage of globalization. In order to increase our understanding of its influence, this paper discusses pros and cons of globalization, with particular reference to the definition of globalization, economic growth, worker, consumer and human rightsRead MoreEssay on INTERNATIONALIZATION OF KOYO JEANS4462 Words   |  18 PagesJeans (New Markets) 7 iii. Lifecycle Analysis (New Markets) 8 iv. Opportunities Threats (New Markets) 9 4. Motive for Internationalization i. Internal Factors 9 ii. External Factors 9 5. National Competitive Advantage i. Porter’s Diamond 10 a) Firm strategy, Structure and Rivalry b) Demand Condition c) Factor Condition d) Supporting Industries ii. Recommendation of country 11 6. Entry Strategy 12 7. Entry Strategy Evaluation

The Effects of Music on Memory Essay - 2771 Words

It can be proven, through literary research and personal experiences, that music has a positive effect on learning and memory. It can be concluded that these positive effects have an impact on patients with Alzheimer’s, on the motor skills and auditory memory of mentally disabled children, on students attempting to remember subject manner that they are learning, and on the affectivity of advertisements. On a personal note, music has facilitated my ability to remember things, both positive and negative, a number of times. For example, in high school I memorized the days of the week in French by singing them along with a tune that was already familiar to me. I have also had multiple experiences in which I remember things that I do not want†¦show more content†¦Therefore, picking music that a person with Alzheimer’s listened to frequently during their younger years has resulted in strong responses from these patients – meaning that the music provokes them t o show more signs of engagement with external stimulants. This also means that in order to create new forms of response in Alzheimer’s patients, new and unfamiliar music should be used because it has not yet been tied to any old memories. In addition to varying familiar and unfamiliar music when trying to conjure various positive responses in patients with Alzheimer’s disease, it is also beneficial to vary stimulating and sedative music genres. Stimulating music can help â€Å"promote movement† or â€Å"activate† patients. For example, playing faster tempo music during dinner could help prevent the patient from falling asleep at the table. Sedative music, or music with slower tempo, calmer rhythm, and little percussion, is good for relaxing the patient during activities that are usually agitating for them, or when they are trying to sleep. However, opposite responses may occur depending on the associations that the patients may have formed in their memori es with the specific music (Clair). Along with varying music to achieve different beneficial results from Alzheimer’s patients, there are many different activities that can help engage and improve the mental state of patients with Alzheimer’s from the early stages of the disease’sShow MoreRelatedEffects Of Music On Memory And Studying1636 Words   |  7 Pages EFFECTS OF MUSIC ON STUDYING OR MEMORY Arshdeep Singh Ms. Jackie Quantz June 8, 2016 Arshdeep Singh 9023-105 A Avenue NW Edmonton, Alberta T6T0M1 June 8, 2016 Ms. Jackie Quantz Business Communications Instructor Northern Alberta Institute of Technology 11762 – 106 Street NW Edmonton, AB T5G 2R1 Dear Ms. Quantz: The report below tells us about the information regarding music and it’s classification. The report also describes about the effects of music on memory andRead MoreEffects Of Music On Memory And Studying1750 Words   |  7 PagesEFFECTS OF MUSIC ON STUDYING OR MEMORY Arshdeep Singh Ms. Jackie Quantz June 8, 2016 Arshdeep Singh 9023-105 A Avenue NW June 8, 2016 Ms. Jackie Quantz Business Communications Instructor Northern Alberta Institute of Technology 11762 – 106 Street NW Edmonton, AB T5G 2R1 Dear Ms. Quantz: The report below tells us about the information regarding music and it’s classification. The report also describes about the effects of music on memory and studying. The main purposeRead MoreThe Effects Of Music On Memory And Studying1475 Words   |  6 PagesAlberta Institute of Technology 11762 – 106 Street NW Edmonton, AB T5G 2R1 Dear Ms. Quantz: The report below tells us about the information regarding music and it’s classification. The report also describes about the effects of music on memory and studying. The main purpose of my report is that if anybody interested in opting a career in music field can easily get a lot of information from my research work which will clear all it’s doubts. For my research work, I have used google for half ofRead MoreThe Effects Of Music On Studying And Memory1108 Words   |  5 PagesINTRODUCTION My topic says â€Å"effects of music on studying or memory†. We know that music is played all around the world or we can say in every form of life. My topic tells us about the music that how it is defined. Apart from that, in the next section, I will be explaining the types or categories of music. Some of the types of music are country music, electronic music and many more. Also, I have given description about the type of music and when it is preferred. Furthermore, I am going to explainRead MoreEffect of Music on Memory Retrieval3944 Words   |  16 PagesEFFECT OF MUSIC ON MEMORY RETRIEVAL THESIS STATEMENT: INTRODUCTION CHAPTER I. DEFINITION OF TERMS A. DICTIONARY DEFINITION B. OPERATIONAL DEFINITON II. WHAT IS MUSIC ON MEMORY RETRIEVAL. III. HOW CAN MUSIC AFFECT YOUR LIFE A. THEORIES OF FORGETTING B. MEMORY AND RELATED FINDINGS C. MUSIC AND RELATED STUDIES IV. HISTORY OF MUSIC V .ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGE VI. EFFECT OF MUSIC ON MEMORY RETRIEVAL IN YOUR LIFE CONCLUSIONS BIBLIOGRAPHY ALIBASHER ABUBACAR IV-C MSU-ILS Read MoreThe Effect Of Music On Short Term Memory Essay998 Words   |  4 Pages The Effect of Music on Short Term Memory Jessie Eddins 12/12/16 Abstract. This experiment was tested to see whether music had an effect on short term memory. Listening to music while looking at objects will potentially distract the brain, no longer allowing it to hold the information viewed in short term memory. This experiment found that listening to music while taking in the information and listening to the same music while trying to recall the information hinders the brainsRead MoreThe Effect Of Background Music On Short Term Memory1393 Words   |  6 Pages The Effect of Background Music on Short Term Memory Jiayi Shi Arizona State University Abstract The intention of this study was to examine the relationship between the different types of background music and people’s abilities to memorize and retain information. There are 18 participants in the experiment. They were asked to memorize and recall the given word lists with different background music. The result indicates that it’s easier for the participants to memorize word lists whileRead MoreThe Effect Of Classical Music On Short Term Memory2260 Words   |  10 Pageswas to measure the effect of classical music on short-term memory. The research hypothesis was that subjects would score significantly lower in a memory test of ten objects when listening to â€Å"The Flight of the Bumblebee† than the subjects listening to no music. In this experiment the design was repeated measures, meaning the participants took part in both the music and no-music conditions. The purpose of this was to prevent variables which may occur due to differences in memory abilities. The independentRead MoreEffects of BackGround Music on Phonological Short-Term Memory983 Words   |  4 PagesOne’s emotional state or mood is important to consider when exploring memory, because mood affects one’s recall of information (Happiness-Levine Burgess, 1997; Thaut l’Etoile, 1993). Music, depending on the type, can help induce or change one’s mood (Rickard, 2012). This is important because, music is apart of many of people’s daily lives. Students, especially, listen to music while they study a task that relies on one’s memory. Beyond just exploring mood, this study wanted to look at what typeRead MoreMusic: the Medicine of the Mind784 Words   |  4 PagesMusic can have effects on the human brain that are hard to exaggerate. For instance, a mere snippet of song can trigger one’s memories so vividly. A tune can induce emotions ranging from unabashed joy to deep sorrow and can drive listeners into states of patriotic ferv our or religious frenzy--to say nothing of its legendary ability to soothe the savage beast. The study of how music affects the mind and the interconnection between music and the physical and mental health of human beings has been a

Meeting the ethical challenge of leadership - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Meeting the ethical challenge of leadership. Answer: Introduction Over the years, the social, political and economic aspects in the global framework, have changed considerably, which in turn have significant effects on the overall way of living of people across the world and on their personal and professional domains. These changes, obviously have affected the workings and operational frameworks of the business organizations operating in the global framework, the same facing considerable dynamics over time (Abouzeedan Hedner, 2012). In the last few decades, the business organizations in the international framework have changed considerably in terms of their objectives, goals, production process, operating framework, area of operations and others. With contemporary economic and social phenomena like Globalization, Liberalizations and other similar incidents, more and more organizations and business enterprises have been going global, by expanding their domain of operations in different countries and exploring varied opportunities of venturing in different types of markets (Powell DiMaggio, 2012). The corporate culture and the work environments of these organizations are also experiencing considerable changes with the inclusion of multi-cultured and multi-specialty workforce. Keeping the above situations in the global business framework into consideration, the concerned assignment tries to discuss the challenges these contemporary business enterprises face in the aspect of profit maximizations, their long term and short-term goals as well as the corporate social responsibility of these organizations (Awadh Alyahya, 2013). The assignment tries to highlight the ethical issues faced by these organizations in the aspect of achieving their goals, profit expectations and I the aspect of corporate social responsibility. Operational framework: Organizational Challenges of contemporary business organizations The operational framework of the commercial institutions, showing the overall structure, strategic framework, productive operations, employee structure and social commitments of the same, is the backbone of any organization. This is primarily because the sustainability, profitability and long-term prospects of any organization highly depend on how efficiently the same carries out its functions and responsibilities. The companies also need to take into consideration not only the maximization of its profit, but also the maximization of welfare of the people attached to the company as well as of the society as a whole (Wirtz et al. 2016). In the earlier periods, the operational frameworks of the businesses used to be simple and unilateral, with the core objective being maximization of its own profit, by accruing as much market share and clientele as possible and targeting maximum productivity in minimum cost. However, with time and an increasingly integrating global business environment and with these businesses venturing different domains, both geographical as well as operational, their mode of operations has also been changing significantly (Symon Cassell, 2012). The business organizations are no longer viewed as solely profit maximizing institutions but are expected to fulfill several responsibilities towards their employees and towards the society as a whole. This in turn, gives rise to several challenges, which the businesses face, in term of Corporate Social Responsibility, Profits and Goals. These are explained as follows: Challenges in Corporate Social Responsibility As discussed above, the global business environment has been becoming more integrating with more companies venturing into different areas and product and service markets. The demand patterns of the customers across the world have also experienced immense dynamics, much of which can be attributed to the change in the life styles globally. This, in turn indicates towards the increase in both the demand and the supply side dynamics in the global commercial scenario. With more inclusion of supply side players, the business scenario has become far more competitive and dynamic (Tai Chuang, 2014). On the other hand, there is a constant increase in the awareness regarding the threats which the environment and societies are facing, due to the concerning global phenomena like Global Warming, excessive carbon emission, destruction of natural resources and damages done to mankind as a whole. Much of these destructions and negative implications on the society can be attributed to the less restri ctive working methods of the businesses in the earlier periods. Keeping these aspects of competitiveness as well as environmental and social welfare in concern, it becomes the responsibility of the businesses operating in any corner of the world to carry out their operations and productive activities, keeping into account their duties towards the society as well as towards the welfare of the workers and the stakeholders (Schneider Schmidpeter, 2012). Thus, the term Corporate Social Responsibility refers to the continuous commitment of the commercial institutions in the global framework, to work towards corporate sustainability, by contributing to the economic development of itself as well as of the society. It falls under the Corporate Social Responsibility of the organizations to emphasis not only increasing their production and profit, but also to do so in an ethical framework, thereby improving the overall quality of living of the workers and other stakeholders as well as the society at large. Thus, it can be asserted that under the corporate social responsibility, in the contemporary global scenario, the companies not only need to be publicly accountable on their commercial performances but they also need to be accountable in the social, environmental and ethical aspects too. The companies need to promote sustainable development, human rights, democracy and improvement in community in their operational framework (Crane, Matten Spence, 2013). Among the different responsibilities and challenges falling under the domain of CSR, are the following: a) Economic Responsibilities- To produce the goods and services for the purpose of earning profit b) Legal Responsibilities- To earn profits within the legal framework c) Ethical Responsibility- To operated and produce with the goal of earning profit, incorporating ethical aspects of production and welfare maximization in their operational framework d) Discretionary responsibilities- To involve in other philanthropic activities thereby working for the benefits of those people who are not directly related to the company as a whole Thus, from the above discussion, it can be clearly stated that in the contemporary commercial situation, the commercial organizations do not only work for the purpose of increasing their individual profit but also are bestowed with ethical, social, economic and philanthropic responsibilities, towards the increase of the greater welfare of the society as a whole (Brammer, Jackson Matten, 2012). However, while catering to those responsibilities the contemporary commercial organizations often face challenges and conflicts in their operational framework, which primarily includes trade-off between their personal profit maximization and their responsibility towards the increment of the social welfare, in an ethical framework. Challenges faced by business organizations in terms of profit Given the fact that corporate social responsibility is one of the factors of immense importance in the contemporary business scenarios, which enforces the commercial institutions to work in an overall ethical framework, the following are the primary ethical challenges, which are faced by the firms in their commercial operations. These dilemmas are directly linked to their profit and the welfare manifested by their actions: Employee management One of the primary challenges, which the contemporary organizations face in the global scenario, is how they need to manage their employees. The fastest way in which any company can maximize their individual profit is by reducing the cost of production and slashing the expenses they bear in terms of the maintenance of their employees. The profit of the organizations can be easily increased by taking away the benefits, which the employees of those organizations enjoy additionally apart from their salary packages (Lau, 2015). However, if this measure is undertaken, then this can lead to immense ethical issues by causing poor morale among the workforces. Thus, the primary challenge, which the company faces in terms of profit maximization, is the ethical dilemma of sacrificing the welfare of their workers. Thus, in the contemporary global context, profit maximization strategies of the companies need to incorporate the ethical issues of employee management also (Ulrich Sarasin, 2012). Environmental aspects Another challenge, which the business organizations across the world experience, in terms of profit maximization, is in terms of restoration of the environmental aspects. The production of all goods and services have environmental impacts to some extent, in terms of pollution and contamination of natural resources, which in turn have negative implications on the society as a whole. However, in order to incorporate environmental sustainability in the production process, the firms need to incur several costs, which in turn increase social welfare aspects. However, by incorporating the same in the operational framework, the firms can stay ethically correct and excel in terms of their social responsibility, thereby gaining positive popularity in the market and sustainability in production. Quality Considerations The most significant trade off which the companies face in terms of profit and social welfare tradeoff is the quality aspects of their products. While compromising in the quality levels the firm can reduce cost and increase productivity, however, in the global competitive framework, the emphasis on better quality can help them satisfy their ethical requirements and stay ahead of their competitors. Challenges in organizational goals From the above discussion, it is therefore, evident that the goals of the organizations in the contemporary business framework have also changed significantly and there arises several challenges, which the same face in terms of attainment of those goals. a) Changing Strategy- In the competitive business framework, the primary challenge of the organizations is to keep on changing and improvising their strategic framework in order to compete with their rivals in an ethical framework. b) Decision making process- The goals of the organizations becoming increasingly complex, with the incorporation of social welfare along with personal benefits, the business organizations face the challenge of taking the right decisions, which cater to both the needs (Johnson, 2017). c) Perceived priority- The complex and multi-dimensional responsibilities of the business organizations, it becomes a consistent challenge for the same to decide on their priorities, taking into account the positive and negative implications of both profit and social welfare maximizations (Cavusgil et al. 2014). Conclusion Keeping the above discussion in consideration, it can be asserted that with the significant dynamics in the global business environment, the operational framework and the production process of the business institutions across the world has also been experiencing considerable changes. The structure of the organizations is becoming complex and multi-dimensional and the ethical aspects are coming in lime light. The business organizations, therefore, in the contemporary periods, faces challenges regarding their profit dynamics, achievement of goals and corporate social responsibilities, which in turn have considerable influences on their changing priorities and overall operations management. References Abouzeedan, A., Hedner, T. (2012). Organization structure theories and open innovation paradigm.World Journal of Science, Technology and Sustainable Development,9(1), 6-27. Awadh, A. M., Alyahya, M. S. (2013). Impact of organizational culture on employee performance.International Review of Management and Business Research,2(1), 168. Brammer, S., Jackson, G., Matten, D. (2012). Corporate social responsibility and institutional theory: New perspectives on private governance.Socio-economic review,10(1), 3-28. Cavusgil, S. T., Knight, G., Riesenberger, J. R., Rammal, H. G., Rose, E. L. (2014).International business. Pearson Australia. Crane, A., Matten, D., Spence, L. J. (2013). Corporate social responsibility in a global context. Johnson, C. E. (2017).Meeting the ethical challenges of leadership: Casting light or shadow. Sage Publications. Lau, K. J. (2015).New age capitalism: making money East of Eden. University of Pennsylvania Press. Powell, W. W., DiMaggio, P. J. (Eds.). (2012).The new institutionalism in organizational analysis. University of Chicago Press. Schneider, A., Schmidpeter, R. (2012). Corporate social responsibility.Verantwortliche Unternehmensfhrung in der Praxis, Berlin ua. Symon, G., Cassell, C. (Eds.). (2012).Qualitative organizational research: core methods and current challenges. Sage. Tai, F. M., Chuang, S. H. (2014). Corporate social responsibility.Ibusiness,6(03), 117. Ulrich, P., Sarasin, C. (Eds.). (2012).Facing public interest: The ethical challenge to business policy and corporate communications(Vol. 8). Springer Science Business Media. Wirtz, B. W., Pistoia, A., Ullrich, S., Gttel, V. (2016). Business models: Origin, development and future research perspectives.Long Range Planning,49(1), 36-54